
AI Basics & History
Every article in this category, newest first.


Free AI Toolkit (3/3): Test It, Secure It, Learn It From the Source
Free tools to test AI apps, scan them for security problems and learn how models are built, including Playwright, promptfoo, garak, PyRIT, Semgrep and Karpathy's nanochat. Plus a starter plan.
By Faisal Adnan

Free AI Toolkit (2/3): Images, Video, Voice and No-Code Apps With No Paid Subscription
Open-source tools for no-code AI apps, image and video generation and speech, including Urdu transcription with Whisper, plus a licence warning every builder should read.
By Faisal Adnan

Free AI Toolkit (1/3): Run AI on Your Own Laptop and Build With It
Open-source tools to run language models on your own computer, add coding agents, chat with your documents and build agents. What each does, its licence and a safe order to try them.
By Faisal Adnan

World-Class AI Education for Rs. 0: A Free Four-Step Learning Roadmap
A free four-step AI learning roadmap: basics, deep learning, large language models and building a project. Which free courses to take in what order, and how to actually finish.
By Faisal Adnan

Pakistan Has an AI Plan. The Question Is Who Fills It.
Pakistan's National AI Policy 2025 targets one million trained AI professionals, 3,000 scholarships a year and 1,000 local products. What the gaps are and how you can be one of the people who fills the plan.
By Faisal Adnan

Human-Level AI: When? Ask Ten Leaders, Get Ten Timelines
Musk says end of 2026, Amodei says one to two years, Hassabis a 50% chance by 2030, Pichai slightly after 2030 and LeCun gives no date. Why timelines differ, and how to plan when experts disagree.
By Faisal Adnan

"It's the Decade of Agents, Not the Year": The Realists and Skeptics of AI
Karpathy, LeCun, Nadella, Hinton, Suleyman and Huang offer a more cautious view of AI than the accelerationists. Six quotes, what they share and how to use them.
By Faisal Adnan

"The Takeoff Has Started": What the Accelerationists Actually Said, in Their Own Words
Quotes from Sam Altman, Dario Amodei, Elon Musk, Mark Zuckerberg and Demis Hassabis about superintelligence, with notes on how to read bold predictions from the people who run the companies.
By Faisal Adnan

Is AI a Bubble? Both Sides Have a Point
Strong revenue growth and chip demand versus huge losses, circular financing and warnings from the IMF and the Bank of England. A fair look at the bull and bear cases, and how to plan around either.
By Faisal Adnan

Hundreds of Billions In: The Numbers Behind the AI Spending Boom
Corporate AI investment of $581 billion, Big Tech capex heading for $800 billion, record valuations, circular deals and a report that 95% of pilots show no profit yet. The numbers, plainly explained.
By Faisal Adnan

Shrinking Tasks vs Growing Roles: Which Jobs Are Under Pressure and Which Are Growing
Which kinds of work are under pressure from AI and which are growing? A plain-language map based on Microsoft Research, the Stanford AI Index and Geoffrey Hinton's advice, plus how to use it.
By Faisal Adnan